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1.
Rev. polis psique ; 13(2): 97-116, 2023-11-13.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1517842

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo cartografar as potencialidades do encontro entre a estratégia da Gestão Autônoma da Medicação (GAM) com a perspectiva ético-política da Redução de Danos, a partir da experiência de um grupo GAM no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial para Álcool e Outras Drogas (Caps-Ad) da cidade de Garanhuns-PE. Nos valemos de diários de campo produzidos durante o grupo e, depois, em retorno ao campo para atualização da experiência. Os diários auxiliaram na composição de narrativas de análise com foco nas práticas de cuidado de si e nos efeitos do grupo nas trajetórias dos atores envolvidos e do serviço. Conclui-se que a estratégia GAM enriquece e amplia o paradigma da Redução de Danos, potencializando o cuidado integral aos que usam drogas e gerando efeitos de autonomia e emancipação nas trajetórias de cuidado e vida. (AU)


The present work aims to map the potential of the clash between the Autonomous Medication Management (GAM) strategy with the ethical-political perspective of Harm Reduction, based on the experience of a GAM group at the Psychosocial Care Center for Alcoholand Others Drugs (Caps-Ad) in the city of Garanhuns-PE. We made use of field diaries produced during the group and, later, back in the field to update the experience. The diaries helped in the composition of analysis narratives focusing on Self-Care practices and on the effects of the group on the trajectories of the actors involved and on the service. It is concluded that the GAM strategy enriches and expands the Harm Reduction paradigm, enhancing comprehensive care for drug users and generating effects of autonomy and emancipation in care and life trajectories. (AU)


El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo mapear el potencial del encuentro entre la estrategia de Gestión Autónoma de Medicamentos (GAM) con la perspectiva ético-política de Reducción de Daños, a partir de la experiencia de un grupo GAM del Centro de Atención Psicosocial de Alcohol y Otras Drogas (Caps-Ad) en la ciudad de Garanhuns-PE. Hicimos uso de diarios de campo elaborados durante el grupo y, posteriormente, de vuelta en el campo para actualizar la experiencia. Los diarios ayudaron en la composición de narrativas de análisis centradas en las prácticas de autocuidado y en los efectos del grupo en las trayectorias de los actores involucrados y el servicio. Se concluye que la estrategia GAM enriquece y amplía el paradigma de Reducción de Daños, potenciando la atención integral a los usuarios de drogas y generando efectos de autonomía y emancipación en el cuidado y en las trayectorias de vida. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Self Care , Personal Autonomy , Harm Reduction , Drug Users/psychology , Mental Health Services , Patient Participation/psychology
2.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 36(3): 169-175, set. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138551

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La cantidad de pacientes asmáticos que asisten al sistema público de salud es cada vez mayor, no obstante, la tasa de adherencia al tratamiento es muy baja, siendo los adolescentes quienes presentan mayor porcentaje de abandono al tratamiento, inasistencia a sus controles y gran conflicto decisional (CD). El OBJETIVO de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la aplicación de consejerías sobre el CD en relación al tratamiento del asma y el nivel de control de su enfermedad. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio pre-experimental que reclutó a 32 niños asmáticos entre 10 a 14 años de edad del policlínico respiratorio infantil del hospital Carlos Van Buren de Valparaíso. Solo 15 niños estuvieron dispuestos a participar en el estudio quienes completaron la totalidad de las sesiones de consejería. Para determinar el grado de CD de su patología, se aplicó la Escala de Conflicto Decisional de Ottawa; y para el nivel del control del asma, se usó la Escala Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). RESULTADOS: La edad media del grupo de niños fue de 12,06 ± 1,16 años. Finalizada la intervención, el nivel de control de asma se mantuvo y la media del CD disminuyó de 34,05 ± 4,59 a 18,02 ± 3,01 puntos (p < 0,05; t de Student para muestras pareadas). Un 73,3% de los pacientes disminuyó su nivel de conflicto decisional. CONCLUSIÓN: Las consejerías de apoyo decisional demostraron tener efectos positivos en la población estudiada.


INTRODUCTION: The number of asthmatic patients attending the public health system is increasing. However, the rate of adherence to treatment is very low. Adolescents have the largest percentage of abandonment to treatment, lack of control and a great decisional conflict (DC). The OBJECTIVE of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of counseling on the DC in relation to asthma treatment and the level of control of their disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pre-experimental study that recruited 32 asthmatic children from 10 to 14 years-old, from the children's respiratory outpatients clinic of Carlos Van Buren hospital in Valparaíso, Chile. Only 15 children were willing to participate in the study and completed all of the counseling sessions. To determine the degree of DC of its pathology, the Ottawa Decision Conflict Scale was applied; and for the Asthma Control level, the Global Initiative for Asthma Scale (GINA) was used. RESULTS: Mean children age was 12.06 ± 1.16 years-old. After the intervention, the level of Asthma Control was maintained and the mean of the DC decrease from 34.05 ± 4.59 to 18.02 ± 3.01 points (p < 0.05; paired Student's t-test). 73.3% of the patients lowered their level of decisional conflict. CONCLUSION: The counseling of decision support proved to have positive effects on the population studied.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Asthma/psychology , Conflict, Psychological , Counseling/methods , Decision Making , Outpatients , Patient Participation/psychology , Asthma/therapy , Treatment Adherence and Compliance
3.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 73(3): e20180677, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1101509

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate functional performance and technical quality of user embracement software with pediatric risk classification. Method: descriptive exploratory study developed based on the quality requirements set forth in ISO/IEC 25010. The evaluated characteristics were: functional adequacy, reliability, usability, performance efficiency, compatibility, safety, maintainability and portability. Eight specialists from the area of informatics and 13 from nursing participated in the evaluation. The characteristics were considered adequate when they reached more than 70% of indication as very and/or completely appropriate in the evaluations of each group of specialists. Results: The results obtained from the evaluation of informatics and nursing specialists were: functional adequacy (100.0%, 96.2%), reliability (82.6%, 88.5%), usability (84.9%; 98.7%), performance efficiency (93.4%; 96.2%), compatibility (85.0%, 98.1%), safety (91.7%, 100.0%), and, yet, maintainability (95.0%) and portability (87.5%) evaluated by the first ones. Conclusion: the software was considered adequate regarding technical quality and functional performance.


RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar el desempeño funcional y la calidad técnica del software para el acogimiento con clasificación de riesgo en pediatría. Método: estudio exploratorio descriptivo, fundamentado en los requisitos de calidad dispuestos en la norma ISO/IEC 25.010. Las siguientes características fueron evaluadas: adecuación funcional, confiabilidad, facilidad de uso, eficiencia del desempeño, compatibilidad, seguridad, manutención y portabilidad. En la evaluación participaron 8 expertos en el área de informática y 13 en enfermería. Se consideradon adecuadas las características cuando habían alcanzado más del 70,0% de indicación como "muy y/o completamente apropiadas" en las evaluaciones de cada grupo de expertos. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos a partir de la evaluación de los expertos en informática y en enfermería fueron respectivamente: adecuación funcional (100,0%; 96,2%); confiabilidad (82,6%; 88,5%); facilidad de uso (84,9%; 98,7%); eficiencia del desempeño (93,4%; 96,2%); compatibilidad (85,0%; 98,1%); seguridad (91,7%; 100,0%); y también manutención (95,0%) y portabilidad (87,5%) evaluados por los primeros. Conclusión: se observó que el software es adecuado en relación con la calidad técnica y el rendimiento funcional.


RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar desempenho funcional e qualidade técnica de software para acolhimento com classificação de risco em pediatria. Método: estudo exploratório descritivo desenvolvido com base nos quesitos de qualidade dispostos na norma ISO/IEC 25010. As características avaliadas foram: adequação funcional, confiabilidade, usabilidade, eficiência de desempenho, compatibilidade, segurança, manutenibilidade e portabilidade. Participaram da avaliação oito especialistas da área de informática e 13 de enfermagem. As características foram consideradas adequadas quando atingiram mais de 70,0% de indicação como muito e/ou completamente apropriadas nas avaliações de cada grupo de especialistas. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos a partir da avaliação dos especialistas de informática e de enfermagem foram respectivamente: adequação funcional (100,0%; 96,2%), confiabilidade (82,6%; 88,5%), usabilidade (84,9%; 98,7%), eficiência de desempenho (93,4%; 96,2%), compatibilidade (85,0%; 98,1%), segurança (91,7%; 100,0%), e, ainda, manutenibilidade (95,0%) e portabilidade (87,5%) avaliados pelos primeiros. Conclusão: o software foi considerado adequado em relação à qualidade técnica e ao desempenho funcional.


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Participation/psychology , Risk Assessment/standards , Patient Participation/methods , Software Design , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Risk Assessment/methods
5.
Rev. Paul. Pediatr. (Ed. Port., Online) ; 37(4): 503-509, Oct.-Dec. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041359

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To carry out a review of the literature on adolescents' participation in decision making for their own health. Data sources: Review in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) and PubMed databases. We consider scientific articles and books between 1966 and 2017. Keywords: adolescence, autonomy, bioethics and adolescence, autonomy, ethics, in variants in the English, Portuguese and Spanish languages. Inclusion criteria: scientific articles, books and theses on clinical decision making by the adolescent patient. Exclusion criteria: case reports and articles that did not address the issue. Among 1,590 abstracts, 78 were read in full and 32 were used in this manuscript. Data synthesis: The age at which the individual is able to make decisions is a matter of debate in the literature. The development of a cognitive and psychosocial system is a time-consuming process and the integration of psychological, neuropsychological and neurobiological research in adolescence is fundamental. The ability to mature reflection is not determined by chronological age; in theory, a mature child is able to consent or refuse treatment. Decision-making requires careful and reflective analysis of the main associated factors, and the approach of this problem must occur through the recognition of the maturity and autonomy that exists in the adolescents. To do so, it is necessary to "deliberate" with them. Conclusions: International guidelines recommend that adolescents participate in discussions about their illness, treatment and decision-making. However, there is no universally accepted consensus on how to assess the decision-making ability of these patients. Despite this, when possible, the adolescent should be included in a serious, honest, respectful and sincere process of deliberation.


RESUMO Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre a participação do adolescente na tomada de decisão sobre a sua saúde. Fonte de dados: Revisão nos bancos Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e PubMed. Consideramos artigos científicos e livros entre 1966 e 2017. Palavras-chave: adolescência, autonomia, bioética e adolescência, autonomia, ética, em línguas inglesa, portuguesa e espanhola. Critérios de inclusão: artigos científicos, livros e dissertações que contemplassem a tomada de decisão clínica pelo paciente adolescente. Critérios de exclusão: relatos de caso e artigos que não abordavam a questão norteada nesta pesquisa. Do total de 1.590 resumos, 78 foram lidos na íntegra, e 36, utilizados neste manuscrito. Síntese dos dados: A idade em que o indivíduo é capaz para tomar decisões é motivo de debate na literatura. O desenvolvimento de um sistema cognitivo e psicossocial é um processo demorado, e faz-se fundamental a integração da investigação psicológica, neuropsicológica e neurobiológica na adolescência. A capacidade de reflexão madura não é determinada pela idade cronológica; em teoria, um menor maduro seria capaz de consentir ou recusar um tratamento. A tomada de decisão exige análise cuidadosa e reflexiva dos principais fatores associados, e a abordagem desse problema deve ocorrer por meio do reconhecimento da maturidade e da autonomia que existe no adolescente. Para tanto, é necessário "deliberar" com ele. Conclusões: Diretrizes internacionais recomendam que os adolescentes participem de discussões sobre sua doença, tratamento e tomada de decisão, entretanto não há nenhum consenso universalmente aceito sobre como avaliar a capacidade de decisão desses pacientes. Apesar disso, quando possível, o adolescente deve ser incluído em um processo sério, honesto, respeitoso e sincero de deliberação.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Patient Participation/methods , Patient Participation/psychology , Professional-Patient Relations/ethics , Adolescent Health Services/ethics , Adolescent Development , Informed Consent By Minors/psychology , Informed Consent By Minors/ethics , Clinical Decision-Making/methods , Clinical Decision-Making/ethics , Personal Autonomy
6.
Rev. polis psique ; 9(2): 67-86, 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1100059

ABSTRACT

Este artigo abordou os efeitos de uma pesquisa da estratégia da Gestão Autônoma da Medicação em usuárias(os) da saúde mental que passam a ocupar o lugar de palestrantes em ambientes acadêmicos no interior do RS. Por objetivo geral pretendeu analisar como se constituíram esses investimentos e visibilidades no saber das(os) usuárias(os) para frequentarem essas universidades. Também intentou-se descrever as relações de saber e poder e os limites da prática de autonomia nas salas de aula. Por uma abordagem de inspiração foucaultiana, mapeouse o campo estratégico produzido pela pesquisa e os enunciados 'saber no corpo' e 'autonomia' pela experiência de seis participações dessas pessoas como palestrantes. Discute-se a produção de um corpo que encontra outras possibilidades além da relação com o medicamento e a loucura, assim como um processo de autonomia temporária no jogo de forças da ação de uns sobre os outros.


Este artículo abordó los efectos de una investigación de la estrategia de la Gestión Autónoma de la Medicación en usuarias(os) de la salud mental que pasan a ocupar el lugar de oradores en ambientes académicos en una ciudad interiorana del RS, Brasil. Por objetivo general pretendió analizar cómo se constituyeron esas inversiones y visibilidades en el saber de las usuarias(os) para frecuentar esas universidades. También se intentó describir las relaciones de saber y poder y los límites de la práctica de autonomía en las aulas. Por un enfoque de inspiración foucaultiana, se mapeó el campo estratégico producido por la investigación y los enunciados 'saber en el cuerpo' y 'autonomía' por la experiencia de seis participaciones de esas personas como oradores. Se discute la producción de un cuerpo que encuentra otras posibilidades además de la relación con el medicamento y la locura, así como un proceso de autonomía temporal en el juego de fuerzas de la acción de unos sobre otros.


This apper deals with the effects of a research on the strategy of Autonomous Medication Management in mental health users who are now taking the place of lecturers in academic settings in the countrtyside of the district of RS, Brazil. The purpose of the general objective was to analyze how these investments and visibilities were constituted in the knowledge of the users to attend these universities. We also attempted to describe the relations of knowledge and power and the limits of the practice of autonomy in classrooms. Through a Foucauldian-inspired approach, the strategic field produced by the research and the statements 'knowing in the body' and 'autonomy' were mapped by the experience of six participation of these people as lecturers. It discusses the production of a body that finds other possibilities beyond the relation with medicine and madness, as well as a process of temporary autonomy in the role of forces of the action of one on the other.


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Participation/psychology , Universities , Personal Autonomy , Interpersonal Relations , Life Change Events , Psychiatry/history , Brazil , Mentally Ill Persons/psychology , Mental Disorders/drug therapy
7.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 71(3): 998-1006, May-June 2018.
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-958648

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the process of empowerment of the mothers of children hospitalized in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) according to Cheryl H. Gibson's framework. Method: a qualitative study with a non-directive interview in groups was carried out with 14 mothers in the PICU of a pediatric teaching hospital in the state of Rio de Janeiro, whose data were submitted to thematic analysis. Results: all mothers underwent at least one phase of the process of empowerment. Some of them achieved the phase of participatory competence in the care for their children, being heard by the team and expressing their needs, opinions, and questions. Final considerations: attentive listening and information sharing with mothers is necessary, in order to provide essential support so that they undergo the process of empowerment, thus involving themselves in care and decision-making regarding their children.


RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar el proceso de empoderamiento de madres de niños internados en una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica (UTIP) a la luz del referencial de Cheryl H. Gibson. Método: investigación cualitativa, con entrevista no directiva, en grupo, de 14 madres de una UTIP de hospital universitario pediátrico de Rio de Janeiro, cuyos datos fueron sometidos a análisis temático. Resultados: todas las madres pasaron, por, al menos, una fase del proceso de empoderamiento. Parte de ellas alcanzó la fase de la competencia participativa en el cuidado del niño, siendo oídas por el equipo y manifestando necesidades, opiniones y cuestionamientos. Consideraciones finales: es necesario escuchar atentamente y compartir la información con las madres, de manera de brindar las ayudas esenciales para que pasen por el proceso de empoderamiento y, así, involucrarse en la atención y en las tomas de decisiones relacionadas con sus hijos.


RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o processo de empoderamento de mães de crianças internadas numa Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica (UTIP) à luz do referencial de Cheryl H. Gibson. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, com entrevista não diretiva, em grupo, de 14 mães de uma UTIP de um hospital universitário pediátrico do Rio de Janeiro, cujos dados foram submetidos à análise temática. Resultados: todas as mães passaram por, pelo menos, uma fase do processo de empoderamento. Parte delas atingiu a fase da competência participativa no cuidado ao filho, sendo ouvida pela equipe e manifestando suas necessidades, opiniões e questionamentos. Considerações finais: é necessário escuta atenta e compartilhamento de informações com as mães, de modo a proporcionar os subsídios essenciais para que passem pelo processo de empoderamento e, assim, envolvam-se nos cuidados e nas tomadas de decisão relacionadas a seus filhos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Patient Participation/psychology , Mother-Child Relations , Mothers/psychology , Patient Participation/methods , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric/organization & administration , Interviews as Topic/methods , Qualitative Research
8.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 71(2): 259-264, Mar.-Apr. 2018.
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-898451

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the perception and attitude of health professionals (HPs) about the patient participation in hand hygiene (HH). Method: A cross-sectional study with 150 HPs from a university hospital in Brazil. A descriptive analysis was conducted. Results: Simple hand hygiene was the preferred method of HPs, rather than hand rubbing with alcohol-based solutions. A total of 83.3% of the HPs supported the patient participation in reminding them about HH, but 48% reported that they would feel uncomfortable; 45.3%, comfortable; and 20.7% were familiar with the "Patients for Patient Safety" program. Conclusion: HPs showed limited knowledge about HH, opposing recommendations on the topic. The contradiction between the HPs acceptance and attitude when questioned by the patient regarding HH was revealed, reflecting a lack of knowledge about the WHO program and the need to implement educational practices in health.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Investigar la percepción y actitud de profesionales de salud (PS) sobre la participación del paciente en la higienización de manos (HM). Método: Estudio transversal, realizado con 150 PS de un hospital universitario de Brasil. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo. Resultados: La higiene simple de manos fue el método preferido de los PS, en detrimento de la fricción con preparación alcohólica. De los PS, 83,3% apoyaban a la participación del paciente en recordarlos sobre la HM, pero 48% relataron que se sentirían incómodos; 45,3%, confortables; y 20,7% conocían el programa "Pacientes en Defensa de su Seguridad". Conclusión: Los PS mostraron conocimiento limitado sobre HM, contraponiendo las recomendaciones sobre el tema. Además, revelaron contradicción entre su aceptación y actitud a respecto de que sean cuestionados por el paciente sobre la HM, refletando desconocimiento del programa de la OMS y la necesidad de implementación de prácticas educativas en salud.


RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a percepção e atitude dos profissionais de saúde (PS) sobre a participação do paciente na higienização das mãos (HM). Método: Estudo transversal, realizado com 150 PS de um hospital universitário do Brasil. Realizou-se uma análise descritiva. Resultados: A higiene simples das mãos foi o método preferido dos PS, em detrimento da fricção com preparação alcoólica. Dos PS, 83,3% apoiavam à participação do paciente em lembrá-los sobre a HM, mas 48% relataram que se sentiriam desconfortáveis; 45,3%, confortáveis; e 20,7% conheciam o programa "Paciente Pela Segurança do Paciente". Conclusão: PS mostraram conhecimento limitado sobre a HM, contrapondo as recomendações sobre o tema. Revelou-se a contradição entre a aceitação e atitude dos PS em serem questionados pelo paciente a respeito da HM, refletindo desconhecimento do programa da OMS e a necessidade de implementação de práticas educativas em saúde.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Patient Participation/methods , Health Personnel/standards , Guideline Adherence/standards , Hand Hygiene/methods , Patient Participation/psychology , Patient Participation/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Attitude of Health Personnel , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Health Personnel/psychology , Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data , Guideline Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Hand Hygiene/standards , Hand Hygiene/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged
9.
Psicol. reflex. crit ; 29: 15, 2016. tab
Article in English | INDEXPSI, LILACS | ID: lil-785107

ABSTRACT

Abstract Pediatric communication directly contributes to treatment adherence, fewer symptoms, better clinical responses, healthier treatment adaptation and management of psychosocial issues. This study aimed to evaluate associations between the clinical and sociodemographic data of caregivers and children and the communicative patterns of pediatricians. Three oncohematology physicians and 44 child-caregiver dyads took part, with audio recording of 146 medical consultations. The physicians interacted more often with older children, offering more guidance, clarifying doubts, and asking for information. The number of questions from children and caregivers was positively correlated with the physician's communicative behaviors. However, there was no association between the age of the children and the number of doubts of the patients. The diagnosis, treatment time, family income, marital status and caregiver's level of education were associated with the amount of interaction provided by physicians to the children and caregivers. This study offers subsides relevant to psychosocial interventions that may improve communication in pediatric oncohematology settings. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Age Factors , Educational Status , Health Communication , Physician-Patient Relations , Professional-Family Relations , Socioeconomic Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Patient Participation/psychology , Pediatrics
10.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 142(1): 48-54, ene. 2014. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-708850

ABSTRACT

Information disclosure and decision making process are important steps in advanced cancer patients management; however, there is no research done in this area in Chile. Aims: To know the preferences of patients with advanced cancer related to information disclosure and style of decision making process. Methods: Prospective observational study with patients in the Palliative Care Unit of Sótero del Río Hospital, in Santiago, Chile. The preferences were evaluated with a Disclosure Information and a Decision Making Preferences Questionnaire. Results: 100 patients were recruited, 52% males, average age 63 years; 90% wanted to receive complete information about diagnosis and 89% complete information about prognosis. The preferences related to decision making process style were: 60% shared, 27% passive and 13% active. The expressed satisfaction with the information received was 89% and 87% with the way decisions were actually made. Conclusions: A majority of patients preferred to receive complete information about diagnosis and prognosis and to make shared decisions. The satisfaction with information disclosure and decision making process was very high. The data of this study supports the need of an adequate information disclosure and of exploring the individual preferences of our patients, with the goal of promoting an informed decision making process that respects the preferences of our patients.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Decision Making , Palliative Care/psychology , Patient Participation/statistics & numerical data , Patient Satisfaction/statistics & numerical data , Physician-Patient Relations , Chile , Disclosure , Palliative Care/statistics & numerical data , Patient Participation/psychology , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Socioeconomic Factors
11.
Psicol. soc. (Online) ; 25(3): 653-663, 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-699165

ABSTRACT

A Responsabilização é um fenômeno importante em conversas sobre doenças crônicas, tais como o diabetes. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi entender como a Responsabilização foi manejada em grupos em que se conversava sobre viver com diabetes. Metodologicamente, este estudo foi inspirado pela Psicologia Discursiva. Foram realizadas cinco oficinas com 25 pessoas com Diabetes mellitus Tipo 2 e seus cuidadores. Analiticamente, foram identificadas duas estratégias discursivas: (a) "Responsabilizando aos outros: atribuindo responsabilidade a terceiros" e (b) "Responsabilizando-se", subdividida em: "Responsabilizando-se: o uso de outras formas de cuidado" e "Responsabilizando-se: o acostumar-se a viver com diabetes". As análises mostraram que as estratégias utilizadas permitiram aos participantes se colocarem discursivamente no contexto interacional como pessoas que cuidavam da saúde, bem como administrarem possíveis acusações. Além disso, foi possível compreender como a Responsabilização é um processo discursivo e relacional diretamente relacionado às demandas situacionais do contexto interativo e às expectativas socioculturais.


Accountability is an important phenomenon in conversations about chronic diseases such as diabetes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to understand how Accountability was managed in groups that talk about living with diabetes. Methodologically, this study was inspired by the Discursive Psychology. Five workshops were held with 25 people with type 2 Diabetes mellitus and their caregivers. Analytically, we identified two discursive strategies: (a) "Blaming others: assigning responsibility to others" and (b) "Blaming oneself", sub-divided into: "Taking responsibility: the use of other forms of care" and "Taking responsibility: the getting used to living with diabetes". The analysis showed that the strategies used allowed participants to put themselves discursively in interactional context as people who cared for the health and who managed possible charges. Furthermore, it was possible to understand how accountability is a discursive process directly related to relational and situational demands of the interactive context and socio-cultural expectations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Chronic Disease/psychology , Guilt , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Patient Participation/psychology , Caregivers
12.
Clinics ; 67(6): 603-608, 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-640210

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The participation of humans in clinical cardiology trials remains essential, but little is known regarding participant perceptions of such studies. We examined the factors that motivated participation in such studies, as well as those that led to participant frustration. METHODS: Patients who had participated in hypertension and coronary arterial disease (phases II, III, and IV) clinical trials were invited to answer a questionnaire. They were divided into two groups: Group I, which included participants in placebo-controlled clinical trials after randomization, and Group II, which included participants in clinical trials in which the tested treatment was compared to another drug after randomization and in which a placebo was used in the washout period. RESULTS: Eighty patients (47 patients in Group I and 33 patients in Group II) with different socio-demographic characteristics were interviewed. Approximately 60% of the patients were motivated to participate in the trial with the expectation of personal benefit. Nine participants (11.2%) expressed the desire to withdraw, which was due to their perception of risk during the testing in the clinical trial (Group I) and to the necessity of repeated returns to the institution (Group II). However, the patients did not withdraw due to fear of termination of hospital treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Although this study had a small patient sample, the possibility of receiving a benefit from the new tested treatment was consistently reported as a motivation to participate in the trials.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Biomedical Research/methods , Cardiology , Frustration , Motivation , Patient Participation/psychology , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/psychology , Chi-Square Distribution , Sex Distribution , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires
13.
Córdoba; s.n; 2012. 200 p. graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-707850

ABSTRACT

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo a) comprender las creencias de los profesionales de salud mental que trabajan en la clínica de las adicciones y la efectividad. Pues dichas creencias condicionan la forma de entender las distintas disciplinas y las formas de practicarlas y orientar y guiar las intervenciones en la clínica de las adicciones; b) Por otro lado se pretende evaluar la efectividad (entendida como adherencia - abandono al tratamiento) de los pacientes que concurren a los Centros Preventivos Asistenciales en Adicciones (CPAA) Públicos de la provincia de Mendoza, y la correlación entre el abandono y las variables socio-demográficas de los pacientes y las variables terapéuticas. Es un estudio de tipo Multicéntrico Cuali-cuantitativo longitudinal de carácter descriptivo y relacional: a) con recolección de datos durante nueve meses (octubre a junio de 2011) de todos los pacientes (a través de historia clínica) que ingresan o se encuentran en tratamiento en los 8 (ocho) CPAA de: Godoy Cruz, Las Heras, Zona Este, Capital, Luján de Cuyo, San Rafael, Malargue y Gral. Alvear; b) Por otro lado, Se aplicaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas a 10 (diez) profesionales de salud mental. Se eligió trabajar la metodología cualitativa debido a la necesidad de detectar cualidades, es decir, descripción, relaciones y desarrollo de características en función de las creencias sobre el abordaje de las adicciones. Lo cualitativo se abordó utilizando como instrumento la entrevista emi-estructurada. La misma se aplicó a diez (10) Profesionales de Salud Mental con experiencia profesional en la clínica de las adicciones, y que en ese momento se encontraron desarrollando su labor profesional como Jefatura, coordinador de CPAA o supervisor de equipos en la clínica de las adicciones.


ABSTRACT: The present paper has the following objectives: a) to understand believes of the mental health´s professionals who work at the clinic of addictions and the efficiency. This believes determinate the way of understanding the different disciplines and the ways of practicing, orientating and guiding the interventions in the clinic of addictions. b) In the other site, it is pretended to evaluate the effectiveness (understood like adherence-bandon to the treatment) from the patients that concur to Mendoza´s public Preventive Welfare Centers in Addictions (PWCA), and the correlation between the abandon and the socio-demographic variables of the patient and the therapeutic variables. This is a Multicentral Qualitative quantitative longitudinal study with a descriptive and relational nature: a) with data collection during nine months (from October to June of 2011) of every patient (across the clinical history) that join or are in treatment in the 8 (eight) PWCA of: Godoy Cruz, Las Heras, Zona Este, Capital, Luján de Cuyo, San Rafael, Malargüe and General Alvear. b) On the other hand, semi-structured interviews were applied to 10 (ten) mental health´s professionals. It was chosen to work with a qualitative methodology due to the need of detecting qualities, that is to say, description, relations and evelopment of characteristics in function of believes on the addiction’s boarding. The qualitative part was boarded using as instrument the semi-structured interviews. These interviews were applied to 10 (ten) professionals of mental health with experience in the clinic of addictions, who at that moment were developing their professional labor as leadership, PWCA’s coordinator or team´s supervisors in the clinic of addictions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Delivery of Health Care , Health Centers , Refusal to Participate/psychology , Patient Participation/psychology , Substance Abuse Treatment Centers , Substance-Related Disorders/therapy
14.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-41530

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the perception of medical personnel and medical cadets toward informed consent obtained from potential research participants. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The authors conducted a study using self-administered questionnaires which included questions about perception on informed consent regarding its objectives, investigator's role, vulnerable subjects, family involvement and children's assent. The answer for each question was graded into 5 scales. RESULTS: A selection of 380, 30.5%, 37.6% and 31.8% of 669 were attending staff residents, and medical cadets, respectively. A total of 85.5% agreed that informed consent in therapeutic trials should be obtained by their own doctors. A total of 75.3% agreed that the primary objective of informed consent was to protect investigators from lawsuits. A total of 60.8% agreed that participant spouses had to be involved in the informed consent process. A total of 79.5% agreed that permission from children was necessary in research conducted in children. CONCLUSION: The role of investigators in therapeutic clinical trial, primary objectives of informed consent, and role of spouse were misunderstood among medical personnel and medical cadets. Education on research ethics should concentrate on these issues.


Subject(s)
Biomedical Research/statistics & numerical data , Ethics, Research , Health Care Surveys , Health Personnel/psychology , Hospitals, University , Humans , Patient Participation/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Research Subjects/psychology , Social Perception
15.
Rev. mal-estar subj ; 8(4)dez. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-512255

ABSTRACT

Numa tentativa de compreender o processo de análise de resistências muito intensas, vividas em nossa experiência clínica, nos deparamos com a teoria dos refúgios psíquicos, de Steiner. Esse autor nos descreve situações analíticas que se tornam rígidas e estagnadas, com poucas oportunidades de mudança em função de pacientes que se encontram paralisados e com dificuldades de estabelecer contato significativo. Alguns pacientes mantêm-se em análise, mas recusam qualquer intervenção do analista. No entanto, essa recusa está para além de uma reação terapêutica negativa. A recusa não parece estar ligada a um movimento relativo a possíveis melhoras no tratamento. O paciente se torna inacessível, talvez pelo uso dos primitivos mecanismos de defesa da cisão e da identificação projetiva. Refugia-se num lugar que o protege, mas não o livra do sofrimento, daí o caráter de estranho recurso. O analista se vê na condição de buscar desesperadamente um contato com esse paciente. A incursão na teoria de Steiner nos oferece pistas para uma mudança na escuta clínica do analista que possa acolher a necessidade do paciente em ser compreendido em seu endereçamento transferencial, no lugar de interpretar ao paciente sua compreensão, que pode permanecer como algo externo a ele. O analista também deve estar atento aos seus sentimentos contratransferenciais para compreender essa forma de organização, e assim poder providenciar um ambiente que seja suficientemente acolhedor.


In our efforts towards understanding the process of analyzing very intense resistance, as observed in our clinical experience, we came across Steiner?s theory of psychic retreats. Steiner describes analytical situations that become rigid and inert, offering few opportunities for change, since the patients find themselves paralyzed and with difficulties establishing significant contact. Some patients continue analysis, but refuse any form of intervention on the analyst?s part. However, this refusal represents something beyond the negative therapeutic reaction, as it does not seem to be associated with progress towards possible improvement in their treatment. The patient becomes inaccessible, perhaps due to the use of primitive defensive mechanisms like splitting and projective identification. The patient turns to a strange resource, in the form of a refuge (psychic retreat) that, while protecting him, does not eliminate his suffering. The analyst finds himself trying desperately to connect with the patient. Our research into Steiner?s theory has brought clues that point towards a change in analytic listening that allows the analyst to shelter the patient?s need to be understood in his transferential addressing, instead of interpreting his comprehension to the patient which may remain as something external to him. It is required that the analyst must be intent on his countertransference feelings in order to understand the patient?s organization, and so he can provide a good-enough holding environment.


Subject(s)
Patient Compliance/psychology , Patient Dropouts/psychology , Patient Participation/psychology , Psychoanalysis
16.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-597385

ABSTRACT

El presente es un informe del proyecto: Representaciones de participación en el campo de la salud de adolescentes usuarios del sistema público de salud de la CABA dirigido por la Dra. María Cristina Chardon. El proyecto tiene como objetivo general indagar las representaciones de participación en el campo de la salud de adolescentes que utilizan el sistema público de salud de la CABA. Los objetivos específicos buscan identificar los niveles de conciencia de participación, las instancias del proceso participativo que atraviesan los/as usuarios/as adolescentes y los factores favorecedores y/o inhibitorios de la participación en el campo de la salud. Es un estudio cualitativo de carácter descriptivo y exploratorio que consta de tres fases: una fase inicial de revisión de aspectos conceptuales y actualización del estado del arte; una fase de salida al campo para la recolección de datos por medio de entrevistas en profundidad, observación simple/participante y grupos focales; y una fase final de análisis de datos desde la teoría emergente. Actualmente, hemos finalizado la fase inicial y como todavía no salimos a terreno para la recolección de datos, no contamos con material empírico para el análisis. De modo que este informe consta de una primera parte que da cuenta de la fase inicial consistente en la delimitación de los conceptos centrales del marco teórico y la actualización del estado del conocimiento; y una segunda parte compuesta por un apartado metodológico. La primera parte describe el campo de la salud en base a investigaciones sobre las lógicas de funcionamiento, las representaciones de salud/ enfermedad y el estatuto de la participación. También caracterizamos el campo de la salud de la CABA en base a la ley de salud y a investigaciones recientes que nos permitieron establecer la posición de los usuarios adolescentes como agentes del campo y las posibles relaciones entre la organización del campo y las representaciones de participación en la adolescencia. Finalmente, abordamos las relaciones entre las representaciones de salud de los usuarios adolescentes (entendidas como el sistema cognitivo preexistente) y sus representaciones de participación en el campo de la salud. En la segunda parte de este informe presentamos un apartado metodológico en el cual se especifican el tipo de diseño, la población, la muestra, las unidades de análisis, las fuentes de datos, los instrumentos de recolección y el plan de análisis de los datos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adolescent , Health Services , Patient Participation/psychology , Argentina
17.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 134(8): 955-959, ago. 2006.
Article in Spanish, English | LILACS | ID: lil-438364

ABSTRACT

Background : Patients are becoming increasingly active in their relationship with medical professionals. Their relationship with medical students needing to learn clinical skills, may be specially problematic if patients are not willing to accept their involvement in the medical team. Aim: To examine patient's perceptions of their relation with medical students and their agreement to let students be part of the treating team. Material and Methods: Qualitative study using taped semi-structured interviews addressed to inpatients from one public and one private hospital in Chile. Results: Both groups of patients acknowledged that students dedicated more time to them, but they expressed their preference to limit student's participation to clinical history taking and physical examination. They also expected them to be observers rather than actors. Patients from the private hospital emphasized that only one student per instructor should participate in their care. Patients from the public hospital were more compliant about student's participation. The right to refuse students' involvement in their care was clearly known by all patients from the private system and by most patients from the public hospital. Conclusions: Patients in Chilean public and private hospitals were in general positive regarding student's participation in their care. Students' clinical practice ought to strictly respect patients's rights, and patients should be considered volunteers who generously agree to cooperate with the education of medical students.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Patient Participation/psychology , Professional-Patient Relations , Quality of Health Care , Students, Medical , Chile , Hospitals, Teaching , Inpatients/psychology , Medical History Taking , Patient Satisfaction , Treatment Refusal
18.
Femina ; 33(9): 665-668, sept. 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-458508

ABSTRACT

Embora recentemente a mortalidade e morbidade após cirurgia ginecológica tenha sofrido redução significativa, a morbidade psicológica também é um problema freqüente e relevante. O problema é mais evidente nos casos de mastectomia e depende de variáveis biológicas (idade, estadiamento, comorbidade) e psico-sociais (grau de suporte social, condição sócio-econômica). Entretanto, histerectomia e mastectomia compartilham as semelhanças dos chamados fatores de risco para morbidade psicológica pós-cirúrgica. O estado emocional e grau de satisfação sexual da mulher antes da cirurgia e a qualidade de vínculo conjugal são importantes preditores de bem estar psicológico e sexual após a cirurgia. O tema é controverso, e poucos autores admitem necessidade de preparo psicológico da mulher que vai se submeter a histerectomia ou mastectomia. O ginecologista deve realizar uma cuidadosa avaliação psicológica pré-cirúrgica, reconhecendo os fatores de risco e implementando medidas psicoprofiláticas ou psicoterápicas


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adaptation, Psychological , Depressive Disorder , Hysterectomy , Mastectomy , Patient Participation/psychology , Surgical Procedures, Operative/psychology , Risk Factors
20.
In. Teixeira, Rosângela; Martins Filho, Olindo Assis; Oliveira, Guilherme Corrêa de. Hepatite C: aspectos críticos de uma epidemia silenciosa. Belo Horizonte, FIOCRUZ;COOPMED, 2005. p.185-192.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-430236
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